Certified Hyperbaric Technologist Practice Test

What physiological occurrence is the hallmark of decompression illness as described in "Barometric Pressure"?

1. A buildup of nitrogen bubbles in the tissues

2. Blood clots in the lungs

3. Increased oxygen saturation

4. Hypercapnia

The correct answer is: A buildup of nitrogen bubbles in the tissues

The hallmark of decompression illness, often referred to as decompression sickness, is fundamentally characterized by a buildup of nitrogen bubbles in the tissues. When a diver ascends too quickly from a deep dive, the rapid decrease in pressure causes dissolved nitrogen, which the body accumulated during the dive, to come out of solution and form bubbles. These bubbles can cause a range of symptoms, affecting various body systems including joints, the nervous system, and lungs, leading to pain and potentially serious complications. Understanding the physiological mechanism is critical, particularly for those involved in hyperbaric medicine, as it informs both treatment strategies, such as hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and prevention measures for divers. The formation of these nitrogen bubbles is directly linked to changes in barometric pressure and is a primary concern during both ascent and descent in underwater diving activities.