Certified Hyperbaric Technologist Practice Test

What type of injury can lead to compartment syndrome?

1. Only crush injuries

2. Any form of swelling

3. Swelling in a myofascial compartment

4. Infections in the muscle

The correct answer is: Swelling in a myofascial compartment

Compartment syndrome occurs when there is increased pressure within a closed anatomical space, usually within a myofascial compartment. This pressure can impede blood flow and can lead to muscle and nerve damage. Swelling within a myofascial compartment can arise due to various conditions, such as fractures, muscle bruises, or significant inflammation. The correct choice highlights that the specific area impacted is crucial, as compartment syndrome is tied directly to the increase in pressure within these compartments which are surrounded by fascia. In this context, factors like trauma, exercise, or certain medical conditions can lead to swelling, but it is the location in the myofascial compartment that directly relates to the risk of developing compartment syndrome. Other potential sources of swelling, or generalized trauma, while they may lead to increases in pressure, do not specifically indicate the confined nature of compartment syndrome as directly as swelling within a myofascial compartment does. Understanding this distinction is key in the diagnosis and management of compartment syndrome in patients.